Welcome to our weekly Health Diaries column where we explore various health topics and simplify complex conditions for our readers. Lupus, medically known as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects millions of people worldwide. In lupus, the body’s immune system, which normally protects the body from infections, mistakenly attacks healthy tissues and organs. This leads to inflammation and damage to various parts of the body, including the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, brain and blood cells.
What makes lupus particularly challenging is its wide range of symptoms, which can mimic many other illnesses. It is often referred to as “the great imitator” because it does not present the same way in every individual. Symptoms can appear and disappear, and flare-ups of the disease may be followed by remission.
COMMON SYMPTOMS OF LUPUS
• Fatigue – one of the most common and debilitating symptoms
• Joint pain and swelling – often mistaken for arthritis
• Skin rashes – Especially the “butterfly-shaped” rash across the cheeks and nose
• Fever – Not caused by infection
• Sores in the mouth or nose
• Photosensitivity – Sensitivity to sunlight
• Kidney issues – Including lupus nephritis, which causes swelling in the legs or ankles
• Chest pain or shortness of breath – Often due to inflammation of the lining around the heart or lungs
DIAGNOSIS
Lupus affects individuals differently. Diagnosis is made through a combination of symptoms, tests, analysis, physical examinations, and a detailed medical history.
WHO IS AT RISK?
Lupus can affect anyone, but it’s most commonly found in women of childbearing age (15–45 years old), individuals with a family history of autoimmune diseases.
CAN LUPUS BE CURED?
Currently, there is no cure for lupus. However, with appropriate treatment and lifestyle changes, many people with the condition can lead normal lives. Treatment can vary depending on symptoms, reducing inflammation, managing flare-ups, and may involve:
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Immunosuppressants
• Corticosteroids
• Lifestyle modifications such as stress management, sun protection, and good nutrition
• Individuals with chronic illness like lupus require consistent follow-up visits with doctors and care and self-care strategies. Patients are encouraged to seek emotional and psychological support and work closely with their healthcare team.
Lupus is a complex, yet manageable condition. Raising awareness and early diagnosis are the first steps to a better quality of life.
Dr. Lulu contact: healthdiaries@yahoo.com
