A stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, either by a blockage (ischaemic stroke) or bleeding (haemorrhagic stroke). Without oxygen-rich blood, brain cells begin to die within minutes, making stroke a true medical emergency.
Globally, stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability—and in many cases, it is preventable.
Understanding the early warning signs of stroke can save lives and reduce the risk of permanent brain damage. Quick action is crucial.
Recognising the signs: Act F.A.S.T.
The most widely used method to detect stroke symptoms is the F.A.S.T. acronym:
- F – Face drooping: One side of the face may appear numb or droop. Ask the person to smile and check for unevenness.
- A – Arm weakness: The person may not be able to lift both arms evenly.
- S – Speech difficulty: Slurred or strange speech is a major warning sign. Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence.
- T – Time to call for help: If you notice any of these signs, call emergency services immediately. Every second counts.
Other symptoms may include sudden confusion, vision problems, dizziness, loss of balance, or a severe headache with no known cause.
“Globally, stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability—and in many cases, it is preventable.”
Who is at risk?
Anyone can suffer a stroke but certain factors increase the risk:
- High blood pressure (hypertension)
- Diabetes
- Smoking
- High cholesterol
- Obesity
- Lack of physical activity
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Family history of stroke
Prevention
The good news is that up to 80% of strokes are preventable through healthy lifestyle choices and medical management.
- Control blood pressure: High blood pressure is the biggest risk factor. Regular check-ups and medication can help keep it under control.
- Manage diabetes: Keep blood sugar levels within the target range through diet, exercise, and medication.
- Avoid smoking: Smoking damages blood vessels and increases clot formation.
- Eat a healthy diet: Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Reduce salt and unhealthy fats.
- Exercise regularly: At least 30 minutes a day, five times a week, improves circulation and heart health.
- Limit alcohol: Excessive drinking raises blood pressure and contributes to obesity.
- Know your numbers: Monitor cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels regularly.
📧 Dr Lulu contact: healthdiaries@yahoo.com
